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Insulator metal

Polymer insulators have a core composed of a fiberglass rod covered by polymer weather sheds. Manufactures use various insulator metal, designs, and construction methods to make insulators.

Insulator

Basic polymer shed materials used are silicone rubber, EPM, EPDM, CE, and polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE or Teflon). To obtain desired electrical and mechanical properties these basic materials are combined with various fillers, including aluminum trihydrate.
The EP rubbers rely largely on the alumina trihydrate to avoid carbonaceous degradation. As the EP rubber surface is exposed to ultraviolet light and possible electrical arcing, the alumina trihydrate is gradually reduced to a white alumina powder on the surface. The alumina may affect the wet flashover level of the insulator. Although the silicone rubbers contain alumina trihydrate, they rely on hydrophobicity to prevent leakage currents and associated arcing.
Most manufacturers use individual sheds that were slipped over the fiberglass rod. While the CE material was cast as a single housing on the rod, the manufacturer of the silicone rubber insulator use a continuous molding process to form continuous housing on the fiberglass rod. Some manufacturer formed a sheath on the rod, slipped the sheds onto the sheath, and then vulcanized them into place.

The insulator metal end fittings are attached to the rod using various technologies, which include compression of the metal end fitting onto the rod (the most widely use method today), insertion of wedges into the fiberglass rod, cutting the rod end into a cone, or gluing the end fitting to the rod.

 


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